- Lalzarzoa,
Faculty, Department of History,
Pachhunga University College
Hnam
puanzar hian ‘zalenna’ a entir an ti thin a, India pawh hian Kumpinu (British)
laka zalenna a hmuh rual rualin amah in hnam puanzar (national flag) hran a nei nghal a ni. India hnam puanzar hi a
saptawngin ‘tricolour’ an ti a, a
vaitawngin ‘tiranga’ tiin an sawi
thin bawk.
Kumpinu leh India
hruaitute hnuhma
India
in Kumpinu laka zalenna a sual chhoh lai vel khan India Lal te (Princely state
ho) chuan hnam puanzar chi hrang hrang
anmahni rorelna hmun zelah an nei hrang thliah thliah thin. India rampum huap a
hnam puanzar chikhat hman tur a rawt chhuak hmasatute chu Birtish sawrkar
hruaitute anni a, India chu an thuhnuaiah an awp ta tih entirnan hnam puanzar
hran hman an rel a ni. He rawtna lo chhuah chhan chu kum 1857 a India sipai ten
Kumpinu sawrkar laka zalenna an sual avang ni a sawi a ni. British in India
hnam puanzar an hman hi a tirah chuan tuna United Kingdom hnam puanzar ang deuh
hian a sir veilamah ‘Union Jack’ lem leh a lai sir dinglamah ‘Star of India’
lem chhung a British Lallukhum chhungkhung a duan a ni.
Kum
zabi 20-na tir lam a Edward VII lal a rawn nih khan tlem a India mipui te
ngaihzawn theih tur a hnam puanzar siamthat duhna a rawn awm tan a. British mi Indian Civil Service officer William
Coldstream phei chuan India ram mila hnam puanzar siamthat aduh avangin nasa
takin sawrkar ah rawtna a thlen a ni. Ani bakah hian India zalenna sualtu
hmasate zinga mi Bal Gangadhar
Tilak, Aurobindo Ghosh leh Bankim
Chandra Chattopadhya te pawn Hindu Pathian lem behchhan a hnam puanzar siam an
rawt ve bawk a, mahse an rawtna te chu India Muslim ten an pawmpui loh avangin
tih hlawhtlin a ni ta lo a ni.
Bengal
ram hmun hnih a then (Partition of Bengal) a nih kum 1905 khan zalenna sualtu
thenkhat ten India hnam puanzar thar an
rawn siamchhuak a. Chu chu rawng chi thum - a chungberah a hring, alaiah a eng,
a hnuaiberah a sen a ni a, a laia rawng engah ‘Vande Mataram’ tih a inziak a ni. Chumi chuan rampumah hman hlawh
lo mahse Indian National Congress annual session ah hman lailawk a ni. Hemi hnu
hian mi hran hran in hnam puanzar tur an rawn duang chhuak mahse rampum mipui
te lungawina zan tura hman tak erawh a awm thei ta chuang lo a ni. Kum 1909
khan Madras Presidency Governor tanglai Lord Ampthill chuan ‘The Times of
London’ chanchinbuah India rampum huap zo khawp hnam puanzar a awm loh thu leh
mak a tih hial zawk thu a ziak nghe nghe.
Kum
1920 November ah League of Nations a India palai ten hnam puanzar neih an duh
thu an sawi chuan British sawrkar beng a verh hle a, hei hian nasa takin India
pual a hnam puanzar thar duan na turah kawng a rawn hawng ta a ni. Kum 1921
April thlaah Mahatma Gandhi chuan ama chanchinbu ‘Young India’ ah India in hnam
puanzar neih a mamawh zia a ziak a, hnam puanzar lai takah lasaina khawl lem
awm se tiin rawtna a siam ta a ni. Gandhi hian a lem lo duang turin tun hmalama
hnam puanzar atana a enchhinna tur 30 lai rawn duang chhuak tu Pingali Venkayya
a ruat ta a ni.
Mahatma
Gandhi rawtna anga siam hnam puanzar chu April ni 23, 1923 a Nagpur a Congress
mi leh sa ten Jallianwalla Bagh hmun a nunna chantate pual hriatrengna hun an
hmanah tar a ni a. Kum 1923 July thla a All India Congress Committee meeting chuan
hnam puanzar hmang tangkaia zalenna sual chu uar leh zual a kalpui nise tiin an
rel a. Hei hian India zalenna sualtute leh mipui inkarah hnam puanzar pawimawh
a rawn siam chhuak nasa ta hle a ni. Gandhi rawtna anga siam hnam puanzar (Swaraj flag) hi a tir chuan Congress
hruaitute thenkhat leh Muslim hruaitu thenkhat ten an pawm lem lo a mahse a
hnulamah chuan zalenna sualna atana mipui ti pumkhattu thil tangkai tak niin an
hre chho ve ta zel a ni.
Kumpinu sawrkar in
pawmpui lo
India
zalenna sualtu ten nasa taka hnam puanzar thar an hman tak avang leh ram puma a
lar chhoh tak avangin British sawrkar pawhin an en liam mai mai thei ta lo. British parliament ah pawh India ram a hnam
puanzar hman dan uluk takin ngaihtuah a ni ta a, thupek siamin India ram a
roreltu leh sawrkar peng hnuai awm engpawh in Gandhi te rawn duanchhuah hnam
puanzar chu an zar a nih chuan sawrkar atanga tanpuina an dawng zawng zawng tih
tawp sak anni ang tiin.
British
sawrkar in hnam puanzar thar (Swaraj flag)
chu hman khap mahsela India mipui te erawh chuan uar leh zual in an hmang chho
ta miah miah a ni. Kum 1931 ah hnam puanzar thar (Swaraj flag) chu Indian National Congress chuan a pawmpuiin zalenna
sualna hmanraw pawimawh takah an hmang tangkai ta zel a ni.
India hruaituten
duh an thlang
India
in zalenna a hmuh hmaa mipui aiawh te rorelna sangber Constituent Assembly
chuan zalenna hmuh huna hnam puanzar tur thlang tur adhoc committee an ruat a. Rajendra Prasad a kaihhruaina hnuiah
member 5 - Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, Sarojini Naidu, C. Rajagopalachari, K. M.
Munshi leh B. R. Ambedkar te ruat anni. Anni ho hian July ni 4, 1947 ah Indian
National Congress in hnam puanzar atana an hman mek rawng chi thum (a
serthlumrawng, a var leh a hring inpawlh) chu tlem siam danglam in, a laiah lasaina
khawl aiah chakra dah a hnam puanzar
atana hman an rawn rawt chhuak ta a ni. Lasaina aia Chakra hman hi a hma a lo duang chhuak tu Mahatma Gandhi chu atir
lamah chuan a lawm vak lo niin sawi a ni nghe nghe.
India
hnam puanzar thar tur committee in an rawn rawt chu July ni 22, 1947 ah
Jawaharlal Nehru chuan Constituent Assembly ah a pawmpui turin a pu lut ta a
ni. Assembly chuan lungawi takin an pawm ta, a thlaleh August ni 15-a India in
British laka zalenna a hmuh hnuah pawh he hnam puanzar hi vawiin thlengin hman
a la ni ta zel a ni.
Aduangtu ber hi!
A
hma lama kan sawi tawh angin India hnam puanzar tuna kan hman tak ber hi, a
rawng rawn rawt chhuak tu ber chu Mahatma Gandhi a tih loh theih loh a ni.
Amaherawh chu ani chu a rawtna siamtu mai a ni a, a taka a lem rawn duang
chhuaktu chu Pingali Venkayya a ni. Amah hi Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh a mi
a ni a, zalenna sualtu zing ami niin an khua Machilipatnam ah hian lo nei a
eizawng thin anih bakah zirna in te pawh a din a ni. India tan a rohlu tak
hnuchhiahtu Pingali Venkayya hi The Hindu chanchinbu in a tarlan dan chuan a
huntawp lamah erawh chuan mi khawngaihthlak ta a ni a, ei tur mumal nei lo in
July ni 4, 1963 khan putar kum 87 mi niin rethei takin a boral ta a ni. Sebo
hnua sekawng khar hawng an sawi ang deuhin kum 2009 leh 2011 khan amah
hriatreng nan hian sawrkar in postage
stamp a siam chhuak tlaikhawhnu leh a ni.
CM leh I-day hnam
puanzar kaihhnawih
Kum
1974 hmalam zawng khan India Independence Day ah hian state Chief Minister ten
hnam puanzar an pawt pharh ngai lo a, Governor ten Republic Day leh
Independence Day ah te hnam puanzar an pawt pharh mai thin a ni. Chutiang
kalphung chu duhlo in, hmanni lawk a boralta DMK hruaitu M.Karunanidhi khan
Tamil Nadu Chief Minister a nih vawi
2-na lai kum 1974 February thlaah khan chutih lai a Prime Minister Indira
Gandhi hnenah, Chief Minister ten Independence day a hnam puanzar an pawt pharh
ve ngai lo chu a lungawiloh thu a thlen a. A thu thlen atanga thla 5-naah
sawrkar laipui chuan state tin tan a thuchhuah siamin Republic Day ah Governor
ten hnam puanzar an pawt pharh ang a, Independence Day ah chuan Chief Minister
ten an pawt pharh ve tawh thung ang tiin a hriattirna an pechhuak ta a ni.
Vawiin thlengin chu kalphung chu India state tinah zawm a lo ni ta zel a ni.
(He thuziak hi Vanglaini chanchinbu 15 August 2018 chhuakah tihchhuah a ni.)